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References Index - R

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Rabemanantsoa, A., Ranarivelo, Y., Andriantsiferana, M., Tillequin, F., Silverton, J.V., Garraffo, H.M., Spande, T.F., Yeh, H.J.C., and Daly, J.W. 1996. A new secotrinervitane diterpene isolated from soldiers of the Madagascan termite species, Nasutitermes canaliculatus. J. Nat. Prod. 59:883-886.
 
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Radhika, P., Rao, P.V.S., Anjaneyulu, V., Asolkar, R.N., and Laatsch, H. 2002. Horiolide, a novel norditerpenoid from Indian ocean soft coral of the genus Sinularia. J. Nat. Prod. 65:737-739.
 
Radisky, D.C., Radisky, E.S., Barrows, L.R., Copp, B.R., Kramer, R.A., and Ireland, C.M. 1993. Novel cytotoxic topoisomerase II inhibiting pyrroloiminoquinones from Fijian sponges of the genus Zyzzya. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115:1632-1638.
 
Radwan, H.S.A., Assal, O.M., Mostafa, M.A., Salem, M.M., and Badr, M.A. 1984. Field screening tests of synthetic chemical attractants for heteropterous insects. Bull. Soc. Entomol. Egypte. 65:33-41.
 
Radwan, M.M., Manly, S.P., and Ross, S.A. 2007. Two new sulfated sterols from the marine sponge Lendenfeldia dendyi. NPC. 2:901-904.
 
Radwan, M.M., Manly, S.P., El Sayed, K.A., Wali, V.B., Sylvester, P.W., Awate, B., Shah, G., and Ross, S.A. 2008. Sinulodurins A and B, antiproliferative and anti-invasive diterpenes from the soft coral Sinularia dura. J. Nat. Prod. 71:1468-1471.
 
Raftery, M.J., Waugh, R.J., Bowie, J.H., Wallace, J.C., and Tyler, M.J. 1996. The structures of the frenatin peptides from the skin secretion of the giant tree frog Litoria infrafrenata. J. Pept. Sci. 2:117-124.
 
Ragan, M.A., and Jensen, A. 1979. Widespread distribution of sulfated polyphenols in brown algae. Phytochem. 18:261-262.
 
Ragasa, C.Y., Ng, V.A.S., Lazaro-Llanos, N., Tan, M.C.S., Brkljaca, R., and Urban, S. 2015. Monogalactosyl diacylglycerol from Caulerpara racemosa (Forsskal). Pharma Chem. 7:194-198.
 
Rager, M.N., and Metzger, P. 2000. Six novel tetraterpenoid ethers, lycopanerols B-G, and some other constituents from the green microalga Botryococcus braunii. Phytochem. 54:427-437.
 
Ragini, K., Fromont, J., Piggott, A.M., and Karuso, P. 2017b. Enantiodivergence in the biosynthesis of bromotyrosine alkaloids from sponges? J. Nat. Prod. 80:215-219.
 
Ragini, K., Piggott, A.M., and Karuso, P. 2017a. Crellasterones A and B: a-norsterol derivatives from the New Caledonian sponge Crella incrustans. Mar. Drugs. 15:177-186.
 
Ragini, K., Piggott, A.M., and Karuso, P. 2019. Bisindole alkaloids from a New Zealand deep-sea marine sponge Lamellomorpha strongylata. Mar. Drugs. 17:683-696.
 
Raguso, R.A., and Light, D.M. 1998. Electroantennogram responses of male Sphinx perelegans hawkmoths to floral and 'green-leaf volatiles'. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 86:287-293.
 
Rahbaek, L., and Christophersen, C. 1997. Marine alkaloids. 19. Three new alkaloids, securamines E-G, from the marine bryozoan Securiflustra securifrons. J. Nat. Prod. 60:175-177.
 
Rahbaek, L., Anthoni, U., Christophersen, C., Nielsen, P.H., and Petersen, B.O. 1996. Marine alkaloids. 18. Securamines and securines, halogenated indole-imidazole alkaloids from the marine bryozoan Securiflustra securifrons. J. Org. Chem. 61:887-889.
 
Rahelivao, M.P., Gruner, M., Lübken, T., Islamov, D., Kataeva, O., Andriamanantoanina, H., Bauer, I., and Knölker, H.-J. 2016. Chemical constituents of the soft corals Sinularia vanderlandi and Sinularia gravis from the coast of Madagascar. Org. Biomol. Chem. 14:989-1001.
 
Rahelivao, M.P., Lübken, T., Gruner, M., Kataeva, O., Ralambondrahety, R., Andriamanantoanina, H., Checinski, M.P., Bauer, I., and Knölker, H. 2017. Isolation and structure elucidation of natural products of three soft corals and a sponge from the coast of Madagascar. Org. Biomol. Chem. 15:2593-2608.
 
Rahman, S.A., Huah T.S., Nassan O., and Daud N.M. 1995. Fatty acid composition of some Malaysian freshwater fish. Food Chem. 54:45-49.
 
Rahmani, R., Carrasco, D., Svensson, G.P., Roweck, H., Ryrholm, N., Larsson, M.C., and Hedenström, E. 2020. Identification and synthesis of putative pheromone components of the threatened salt marsh bagworm moth, Whittleia retiella (Lepidoptera: Psychidae). J. Chem. Ecol. 46:115-127.
 
Rahmani, R., Wallin, E.A., Viklund, L., Schroeder, M., and Hedenström, E. 2019. Identification and field assay of two aggregation pheromone components emitted by males of the bark beetle Polygraphus punctifrons (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J. Chem. Ecol. 45:356-365.
 
Rahn, R. 1979a. The leek moth, Acrolepiopsis assectella Z.: possibility of issuing general agricultural warnings on the basis of sexual trapping using synthetic products. Ann. Zool. Ecol. Anim. 11:611-616.
 
Rahn, R., and Renou, M. 1979b. Towards the utilisation of a synthetic pheromone, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, in the control of the leek moth, Acrolepiopsis (ex. Acrolepia) assectella Z., Lepidoptera Plutellidae. C.R. Acad. Sean. Agric. Fr. 65:759-765.
 
Rai, M.M., Hassanali, A., Saini, R.K., Odongo, H., and Kahoro, H. 1997. Identification of components of the oviposition aggregation pheromone of the gregarious desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal). J. Insect Physiol. 43:83-87.
 
Raibekas, A.A., and Massey, V. 1996. Glycerol-induced development of catalytically active conformation of Crotalus adamanteus L-amino acid oxidase in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:7546-7551.
 
Raiju, K., Hitora, Y., Kato, H., Ise, Y., Angkouw, E.D., Mangindaan, R.E.P., and Tsukamoto, S., 2019. Halichonic acid, a new rearranged bisabolene-type sesquiterpene from a marine sponge Halichondria sp. Tetrahedron Lett. 60:1079-1081.
 
Raina, A.K., Kingan, T.G., and Mattoo, A.K. 1992. Chemical signals from host plant and sexual behavior in a moth. Science. 255:592-594.
 
Raina, A.K., Klun, J.A., López, J.D., and Leonhardt, B.A. 1986b. Female sex pheromone of Heliothis phloxiphaga (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): chemical identification, male behavioral response in the flight tunnel, and field tests. Environ. Entomol. 15:931-935.
 
Raina, A.K., Klun, J.A., Schwarz, M., Day, A., Leonhardt, B.A., and Douglass, L.W. 1986a. Female sex pheromone of the melonworm, Diaphania hyalinata (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and analysis of male responses to pheromone in a flight tunnel. J. Chem. Ecol. 12:229-237.
 
Raja, Z., Andre, S., Piesse, C., Sereno, D., Nicolas, P., Foulon, T., Oury, B., and Ladram, A. 2013. Structure, antimicrobial activities and mode of interaction with membranes of bovel phylloseptins from the painted-belly leaf frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagii. Plos one. 8:e70782.
 
Rajanarayanan, S., and Archunan, G. 2011. Identification of urinary sex pheromones in female buffaloes and their influence on bull reproductive behaviour. Res. Vet. Sci. 91:301-305.
 
Rajotte, I., Rafuse, C., Wright, E.J., Achenbach, J.C., Ellis, L.D., and McCarron, P. 2019. Structure elucidation and relative toxicity of (24R)-24-Hydroxyyessotoxin from a Namibian isolate of Gonyaulax spinifera. J. Nat. Prod. 82:1945-1952.
 
Raju, B.L., and Subbaraju, G.V. 1993. Two new oxygenated lobanes from a soft coral of Lobophytum species of the Andaman and Nicobar coasts. J. Nat. Prod. 56:961-966.
 
Ralifo, P., Tenney, K., Valeriote, F.A., and Crews, P. 2007. A distinctive structural twist in the aminoimidazole alkaloids from a calcareous marine sponge: isolation and characterization of leucosolenamines A and B. J. Nat. Prod. 70:33-38.
 
Ramachandran, R., Caballero, P., and Khan, Z.R. 1990a. Pheromone components of rice leaffolders (LF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Marasmia patnalis. Int. Rice Res. New. 15:25-26.
 
Ramachandran, R., Khan, Z.R., Caballero, P., and Juliano, B.O. 1990b. Olfactory sensitivity of two sympatric species of rice leaf folders (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to plant volatiles. J. Chem. Ecol. 16:2647-2666.
 
Ramachandran, R., Norris, D.M., Phillips, J.K., and Phillips, T.W. 1991. Volatiles mediating plant-herbivore-natural enemy interactions: soybean looper frass volatiles, 3-octanone and guaiacol, as kairomones for the parasitoid Microplitis demolitor. J. Agric. Food Chem. 39:2310-2317.
 
Raman, K.V. 1982. Field trials with the sex pheromone of the potato tuberworm. Environ. Entomol. 11:367-370.
 
Ramasamy, M., and Balasubramanian, U. 2012. Identification of bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity of marine clam Anadara granosa (Linn.). Int. J. Sci. Nat. 3:263-266.
 
Ramaswamy, S.B., and Roush, R.T. 1986. Sex pheromone titers in females of Heliothis virescens from three geographical locations (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Entomol. Gen. 12:19-23.
 
Ramaswamy, S.B., Randle, S.A., and Ma, W.K. 1985. Field evaluation of the sex pheromone components of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cone traps. Environ. Entomol. 14:293-296.
 
Ramdahl, T., Kazlauskas, R., Bergquist, P., and Liaaen-Jensen, S. 1981. Carotenoids from the Marine Sponge lanthella basta. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 9:211-213.
 
Ramesh, P., and Venkateswarlu, Y. 1999c. Novel steroid constituents of the soft coral Sinularia dissecta. Steroids. 64:785-789.
 
Ramesh, P., and Venkateswarlu, Y. 2000. Unusual terpenoid constituents of the soft coral Sinularia dissecta. J. Chem. Res. 2000:48-50.
 
Ramesh, P., Ravikanth, V., and Venkateswarlu, Y. 2001. New sesquiterpenoid from the soft coral Sinularia dissecta. Indian J. Chem. B. 40:867-868.
 
Ramesh, P., Reddy, N.S., and Venkateswarlu, Y. 1999b. A new 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline from the sponge Petrosia similis. J. Nat. Prod. 62:780-781.
 
Ramesh, P., Reddy, N.S., Rao, T.P., and Venkateswarlu, Y. 1999a. New oxygenated africanenes from the soft coral Sinularia dissecta. J. Nat. Prod. 62:1019-1021.
 
Ramesh, P., Reddy, N.S., Venkateswarlu, Y., Reddy, M.V.R., and Faulkner, D.J. 1998. Rameswaralide, a novel diterpenoid from the soft coral Sinularia dissecta. Tetrahedron Lett. 39:8217-8220.
 
Ramirez Lucas, P., Rochat, D., and Zagatti, P. 1996. Field trapping of Metamasius hemipterus with synthetic aggregation pheromone. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 80:453-460.
 
Ramirez, M.C.A., Williams, D.E., Gubiani, J.R., Parra, L.L.L., Santos, M.F.C., Ferreira, D.D., Mesquita, J.T., Tempone, A.G., Ferreira, A.G., Padula, V., Hajdu, E., Andersen, R.J., and Berlinck, R.G.S. 2017. Rearranged terpenoids from the marine sponge Darwinella cf. oxeata and its predator, the nudibranch Felimida grahami. J. Nat. Prod. 80:720-725.
 
Randazzo, A., Debitus, C., Minale, L., Pastor, P.G., Alcaraz, M.J., Payan, M., and Gomez-Paloma, L. 1998b. Petrosaspongiolides M-R: new potent and selective phospholipase A2 inhibitors from the New Caledonian marine sponge Petrosaspongia nigra. J. Nat. Prod. 61:571-575.
 
Randazzo, A., Piaz, F.D., Orru, S., Débitus, C., Roussakis, C., Pucci, P., and Gómez-Paloma, L. 1998a. Axinellins A and B: New proline-containing antiproliferative cyclopeptides from the Vanuatu sponge Axinella carteri. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 1998:2659-2665.
 
Rangaswamy, J.R., and Sasikala, V.B. 1991a. Sex pheromone properties of Z-2-nonenyl propionate isolated from virgin females of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera). Indian J. Exp. Biol. 29:263-269.
 
Rangaswamy, J.R., and Sasikala, V.B. 1991b. Aggregation pheromone activity of compounds isolated from male red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Indian J. Exp. Biol. 29:52-55.
 
Ranju, R.S., Latha, B.R., Leela, V., and Basith, S.A. 2013. Field trials to attract questing stages of brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus using tick pheromone–acaricide complex. J. Parasit. Dis. 37:84-87.
 
Rao, A.G., Krishnaiah, K., Hall, D.R., Cork, A., and Reddy, D.D.R. 1993. Evaluation of sex pheromone components of rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee. Curr. Sci. 65:355-356.
 
Rao, A.G., Reddy, D.D.R., Krishnaiah, K., Beevor, P.S., Cork, A., and Hall, D.R. 1995. Identification and field optimisation of the female sex pheromone of the rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis in India. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 74:195-200.
 
Rao, C.B., Kalidindi, R.S.H.S.N., Trimurtulu, G., and Rao, D.V. 1991a. Metabolites of Porifera. Part III. New 24-methylscalaranes from Phyllospongia dendyi of the Indian ocean. J. Nat. Prod. 54:364-371.
 
Rao, C.B., Pullaiah, K.C., Surapaneni, R.K., Sullivan, B.W., Albizati, K.F., Faulkner, D.J., He, C.-H., and Clardy, J. 1986. The diterpenes of Dictyota dichotoma from the Indian ocean. J. Org. Chem. 51:2736-2742.
 
Rao, C.B., Satyanarayana, C., Rao, D.S., Rao, D.V., Fahy, E., and Faulkner, D.J. 1993. Metabolites of the soft coral Sinularia ovispiculata from the Indian ocean. J. Nat. Prod. 56:2003-2007.
 
Rao, C.B., Satyanarayana, C., Rao, D.V., Fahy, E., and Faulkner, D.J. 1989. Metabolites of Aplysia dactylomela from the Indian ocean. Indian J. Chem. B. 28:322.
 
Rao, C.B., Sekhar, V.C., Rao, D.V., Sarvani, B., and Lakshmi, D.K.M. 2003. A new sphingosine derivative from a soft coral of Nephthea species of the Andaman and Nicobar coasts. Asian J. Chem. 15:1161-1163.
 
Rao, C.B., Sekhar, V.C., Sarvani, B., and Rao, D.V. 2004. A new oxygenated tricyclic sesquiterpene from a soft coral of Nephthea species of Andaman and Nicobar Coasts of Indian Ocean. Indian J. Chem. B. 43:1329-1331.
 
Rao, C.B., Trimurtulu, G., Rao, D.V., Bobzin, S.C., Kushlan, D.M., and Faulkner, D.J. 1991b. Diterpenes from the brown alga Dictyota divaricata of the Indian ocean. Phytochem. 30:1971-1976.
 
Rao, C.B., Trimurtulu, G., Sreedharad, C., Rao, V., Bobzin, S.C., and Faulkner, D.J. 1994. Diterpenes from the brown alga Dictyota bartayresiana. Phytochem. 37:509-513.
 
Rao, K.V., Donia, M.S., Peng, J., Garcia-Palomero, E., Alonso, D., Martínez, A., Medina, M., Franzblau, S.G., Tekwani, B.L., Khan, S.I., Wahyuono, S., Willett, K.L., and Hamann, M.T. 2006. Manzamine B and E and ircinal A related alkaloids from an Indonesian Acanthostrongylophora sponge and their activity against infectious, tropical parasitic, and Alzheimer’s diseases. J. Nat. Prod. 69:1034-1040.
 
Rao, K.V., Kasanah, N., Wahyuono, S., Tekwani, B.L., Schinazi, R.F., and Hamann, M.T. 2004. Three new manzamine alkaloids from a common Indonesian sponge and their activity against infectious and tropical parasitic diseases. J. Nat. Prod. 67:1314-1318.
 
Rao, K.V., Na, M., Cook, J.C., Peng, J., Matsumoto, R., and Hamann, M.T. 2008. Kahalalides V–Y isolated from a Hawaiian collection of the sacoglossan Mollusk Elysia rufescens. J. Nat. Prod. 71:772-778.
 
Rao, M.R., and Faulkner, D.J. 2002a. Clavosolides A and B, dimeric macrolides from the Philippines sponge Myriastra clavosa. J. Nat. Prod. 65:386-388.
 
Rao, M.R., and Faulkner, D.J. 2002b. Isotactic polymethoxydienes from the Philippines sponge Myriastra clavosa. J. Nat. Prod. 65:1201-1213.
 
Rao, M.R., and Faulkner, D.J. 2004. Botryllamides E-H, four new tyrosine derivatives from the ascidian Botrylloides tyreum. J. Nat. Prod. 67:1064-1066.
 
Rao, M.R., Sridevi, K.V., Venkatesham, U., Rao, T.P., Lee, S.S., and Venkateswarlu, Y. 2000. Four new sesquiterpenoids from the soft coral Nephthea chabrolii. J. Chem. Res. 2000:245-247.
 
Rao, M.R., Venkatesham, U., Reddy, M.V.R., and Venkateswarlu, Y. 1999. An unusual novel C29 steroid from the soft coral Lobophytum crassum. J. Nat. Prod. 62:785-786.
 
Rao, S., Cossé, A.A., Zilkowski, B.W., and Bartelt, R.J. 2003. Aggregation pheromone of the cereal leaf beetle: field evaluation and emission from males in the laboratory. J. Chem. Ecol. 29:2165-2175.
 
Rao, T.S.P., Sarma, N.S., Murthy, Y.L.N., Kantamreddi, V.S.S.N., Wright, C.W., and Parameswaran, P.S. 2010. New polyhydroxy sterols from the marine sponge Callyspongia fibrosa (Ridley & Dendly). Tetrahedron Lett. 51:3583-3586.
 
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Rapala, J., Erkomaa, K., Kukkonen, J., Sivonen, K., and Lahti, K. 2002. Detection of microcystins with protein phosphatase inhibition assay, high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detection and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay - Comparison of methods. Anal. Chim. Acta. 466:213-231.
 
Rapala, J., Robertson, A., Negri, A.P., Berg, K.A., Tuomi, P., Lyra, C., Erkomaa, K., Lahti, K., Hoppu, K., and Lepistö, L. 2005. First report of saxitoxin in Finnish lakes and possible associated effects on human health. Environ. Toxicol. 20:331-340.
 
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Rappaport, N.G., Stein, J.D., Del Rio-Mora, A.A., DeBarr, G., De Groot, P., and Mori, S. 2000. Responses of Conophthorus spp. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to behavioral chemicals in field trials: a transcontinental perspective. Can. Entomol. 132:925-937.
 
Raptopoulos, D., Haniotakis, G., Koutsaftikis, A., Kelly, D., and Mavraganis, V. 1995. Biological activity of chemicals identified from extracts and volatiles of male Rhagoletis cerasis. J. Chem. Ecol. 21:1287-1297.
 
Rashid, M.A., Cantrell, C.L., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. 2001c. Chondropsin D, a new 37-membered-ring macrolide lactam from the marine sponge Chondropsis species. J. Nat. Prod. 64:1341-1344.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. 2000a. HIV-inhibitory cembrane derivatives from a Philippines collection of the soft coral Lobophytum species. J. Nat. Prod. 63:531-533.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. 2000c. Pellynol I, a new cytotoxic polyacetylene from the sponge Pellina sp. Nat. Prod. Lett. 14:387-392.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. 2001a. New cytotoxic N-methylated b-carboline alkaloids from the marine ascidian Eudistoma gilboverde. J. Nat. Prod. 64:1454-1456.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. 2001d. New chondropsin macrolide lactams from marine sponges in the genus Ircinia. Tetrahedron Lett. 42:1623-1626.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. 2001e. A new isoquinoline alkaloid from the marine sponge Haliclona species. J. Nat. Prod. 64:1249-1250.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., Boswell, J.L., and Boyd, M.R. 2000b. Haligramides A and B, two new cytotoxic hexapeptides from the marine sponge Haliclona nigra. J. Nat. Prod. 63:956-959.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., Cardellina, J.H., II., and Boyd, M.R. 1995. Mycalolides D and E, new cytotoxic macrolides from a collection of the stony coral Tubastrea faulkneri. J. Nat. Prod. 58:1120-1125.
 
Rashid, M.A., Gustafson, K.R., Cartner, L.K., Shigematsu, N., Pannell, L.K., and Boyd, M.R. 2001b. Microspinosamide, a new HIV-inhibitory cyclic depsipeptide from the marine sponge Sidonops microspinosa. J. Nat. Prod. 64:117-121.
 
Raslan, A.E., Radwan, M.M., Ahmed, S.A., Nafady, A.M., Zaki, M.A., Wanas, A.S., Abou-Karam, M., Shier, T.W., Hassanean, H.A., and ElSohly, M.A. 2018. Monanchoramides A–D, ceramides from the marine sponge Monanchora clathrata with cytotoxic activity. Phytochem. Lett. 23:83-89.
 
Rasmont, P., Terzo, M., Aytekin, A.M., Hines, H., Urbanová, K., Cahlíková, L., and Valterová, I. 2005. Cephalic secretions of the bumblebee subgenus Sibiricobombus Vogt suggest Bombus niveatus Kriechbaumer and Bombus vorticosus Gerstaecker are conspecific (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus). Apidologie. 36:571-584.
 
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Rasmussen, S.A., Binzer, S.B., Hoeck, C., Meier, S., de Medeiros, L.S., Andersen, N.G., Place, A., Nielsen, K.F., Hansen, P.J., and Larsen, T.O. 2017. Karmitoxin: an amine-containing polyhydroxy-polyene toxin from the marine dinoflagellate Karlodinium armiger. J. Nat. Prod. 80:1287-1293.
 
Rasmussen, S.A., Meier, S., Andersen, N.G., Blossom, H.E., Duus, J.Ř., Nielsen, K.F., Hansen, P.J., and Larsen, T.O. 2016. Chemodiversity of ladder-frame prymnesin polyethers in Prymnesium parvum. J. Nat. Prod. 79:2250-2256.
 
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Citation: El-Sayed AM 2024. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
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